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LOMONOSOV PORCELAIN St.Petersburg's first porcelain factory, founded in 1744 by decree of the Russian Queen Yelizaveta, daughter of Peter 1, omonosov Porcelain was 'to serve the cause of national industry and art.' The factory's ties to the Russian Royal Family implied very high requirements for porcelain, positioning it as an important art form. The very word porcelain':Further>>
GZHEL PORCELAIN Gzhel is the name of a major ceramics center situated some fifty kilometers southeast of Moscow. The village of Gzhel s mentioned for the first time in the fourteenth century in the testament of Ivan Kalita the Moneybag, the Grand Prince of Muscovy. Otherwise historical chronicles note that the dominant pursuit of the local population was the making of ottery:Further>>
MSTERA, lacquer papier-mache miniatures. Mstera is a unique place in the eastern Vladimir Region. Since the 17th century, it has been the Mecca of Russia's icon ainting and other arts and crafts. Today, Mstera is famous for its lacquer papier-mache miniatures. The style of Mstera also derives from the traditions of: Further>>
KHOLUI, lacquer papier-mache miniatures. Kholui is among the most ancient villages in the Vladimir-Suzdal area. Legend has it that arts and crafts were practiced in these parts from as early as the time of the Tatar-Mongol invasion. In the 1230-40s the highly developed urban culture of Northeastern Russia was almost wiped out by the Tatar-Mongol hordes. The local people fled to remote marshlands that were inaccessible to the Tatar cavalry. Kholui may well have been such a place, its name meaning: Further>>
PALEKH, lacquer papier-mache miniatures. Palekh icon-painters were famous for their great skills and craftsmanship since the 18th century. Uncommon icons and sacred images of exquisite colour scheme, in a very special manner with egg yolk tempera, were often decorated with painting in gold: Further>>
FEDOSKINO, lacquer papier-mache miniatures. By the 18th century lacquer snuffboxes decorated with miniatures and made in England, France and Germany had become fashionable. One of the greatest European centers for such items was Johann Stobwasser's manufactory in Braunschweig. In 1795 the Russian merchant Pyotr Korobov visited the Braunschweig works and his enterprising mind quickly grasped that cheap and simple articles could be mass-produced using this very durable combination of materials. Within a year he had opened his own factory on the outskirts of Fedoskino. At first it employed just over twenty people. It made most of its money from manufacturing the varnished peaks of military caps and helmets. However, the factory also became famous for its simple, most often round: Further>>
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AMBER Amber is a petrified tar of trees which grew over twenty-thirty million years ago and now are buried on the bottom of the sea. The findings of the archaeological excavations show that amber was used to make jewelry already 4 thousand years ago. Baltic amber was decorating the crown of Egyptian pharaoh Tutanhamon. Gomer in his Odyssy also mentioned: Further>>
ZHOSTOVO Zhostovo settlement, which is located in Mytishchi District Of Moscow Region, is the center of a prominent Russian folk craft. Founded in 1825, it was based on manufacture of lacquer articles Made of papier-mache, and lacquer trays with subject or floral painting, Made of metal: Further>>

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Code 8-032.2
Russian czars.
Matreshka 10 pieces 11x5 in. (27x12 sm.)
Wood, tempera and lacquer. Highly artistic piece. 100% handmade.
Made in Russia.

Retail price $280.00

Peter I Alekseevich
(30/01/1672 - 28/01/1725):
czar (since 27 April, 1682), emperor (since 22 October, 1721), statesman, military leader and diplomat. Peter was the son of czar Aleksey Mikhailovich from his second marriage with Natalya Narishkina. Peter I carried out a number of reforms in public administration (created Senate, collegia, highest government control and political investigation bodies, the church was subordinated to the state). In 1703, Peter I founded a new city and named it Saint-Petersburg after his patron-saint. In 1712, Saint-Petersburg became the capital of Russia. In order to keep pace with the most developed countries of the Western Europe Peter carried out industry and trade policy in line with the ideas of mercantilism. Peter I initiated the construction of Russia
Family coat-of-arm of His Majesty the Emperor.
Catherine II Alekseevna
(21/04/1729 - 06/11/1796) - empress since 28 June, 1762. Ascended the throne dethroning her husband Peter III Fiodorovich. Was crowned on 22 September, 1762. Before embracing Russian Orthodox religion was called Sophia-Frederika-Augusta. Catherine II established and legalized the benefits for the nobility. During her reign Russian absolute monarchy grew extremely strong and the peasant population was cruelly exploited. Peasant war under the leadership of Emelyan Pugachev (1773-1775) took place when Catherine II was on the throne of Russia. Catherine II annexed to Russian Northern Prichernomorye, Crimea, Northern Caucasus, Western Ukraine, Belorussia and Lithuania (as a result of Rech Pospolitaya being divided three times). In 1790-ies Catherine II was actively suppressing free-thinking and was struggling against the French revolution.
Middle coat-of-arm of the Russian Empire.
Nicholas II Alexandrovich
(6 May, 1868 - at night 16-17 July, 1918) - the last Russianemperor since 21 October ,1894 till 1917, the elder son of emperor Alexander III and empress Maria Fiodorovna, daughter of Danish king Christian IX. Ascended the throne of Russia after the death of his father, emperor Alexander III Alexandrovich. Was crowned on 14 May, 1895.Nicholas II stayed under profound influence of reactionary political and religious personalities and adventures. During his reign Russia lost Russian-Japanese war of 1904-1905 and, in 1907, became a member of Antanta. During the revolution of 1905-1907, Nicholas II was forced to consent to the institution of State Duma and Stolipin agricultural reforms. During his reign Russia got involved into the World War I and as a result found itself in a critical situation. Nicholas II was dethroned in the result of February revolution. He and all the members of his family were executed by shooting upon the decision of the Urals Regional Council.
Small coat-of-arm of the Russian Empire.
Elisabeth Petrovna
(18/12/1709 - 25/12/1761): czarevna since 6 March, 1711, cesarevna since 23 December, 1721, empress since 25 November, 1741. Elisabeth was a daughter of Peter I and Catherine I. She ascended the throne of Russian with the assistance of her guards dethroning a juvenile emperor Ioan VI Antonovich and was crowned on 25 April, 1742. During her reign substantial success was achieved in the development of economy and culture of Russia, in foreign policy, to which Mikhail Lomonosov and other contemporary scientists contributed a lot.
Order of Saint Alexander Nevsky.
Alexander II Nicholaevich
(17/04/1818 - 01/03/1881): emperor since 18 February, 1855. The elder son of emperor Nicholas I and empress Alexander Fiodorovna. Ascended the throne of Russia after the death of his father. Was crowned on 26 August, 1856. As a result of the defeat in the Crimea War of 1853-1856 and revolutionary situation in the country Alexander II had to abolish serfdom and to carry out a number of reforms (administrative, court, military, etc.), which contributed to the development of capitalism in Russia. During the reign of Alexander II Caucasus (1864) and the main part of Middle Asia (1865-1881) were annexed to Russia. After a number of attempts upon his life which failed (1866, 1867, 1879, 1880) Alexander II was killed by the members of a revelatory group called Narodnaya Volia (People's Will).
Order of Saint Prince Vladimir.
Pavel I Petrovich
(20.09.1754 - 12.03.1801): emperor since 6 November. 1796. Son of emperor Peter III and empress Catherine II. Ascended the throne after the death of his mother. Was crowned on 5 April, 1797. Introduce military and police regime in the country and Prussian rules in the army, limited the benefits of the nobility and was considered to be a petty tyrant. Pavel I did not support the revolution in France but in 1800 entered into a union with Bounapart. Was murdered by conspirators from the nobility.
Order of the White Eagle.
Ioann IV
(1530-1584): Great Prince of All Russia (since 1533), the first Russian czar (since 1547), son of Vasily III. Carried out administrative and court reforms, during his reign Russia conquered Kazan (1552) and Astrakhan (1556) from tatars. In 1565, introduced oprichna in order to strengthen the autocracy. In 1558-1583, Russia was in the course of Livonian War for the access to the Baltic sea and started the annexation of Siberia (1581). The internal policy of Ioann IV was carried out by means of mass executions and repression and some steps aimed at turning the peasant population into serfs.
Order of Saint George, the Great Martyr and the Victor.
Matreshka
1.8x1 in. (4.5x2.5 sm.)
Matreshka
1x0.6 in. (2.5x1.5 sm.)
Matreshka
0.7x0.4 in. (1.8x1 sm.)



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